• Glucose uptake a critical metabolic control point in glycoly

  2022-03-31

  

  Glucose uptake, a critical metabolic control point in glycolysis, is mediated by the GLUT (SLC2) family of integral membrane transporters (Mueckler and Thorens, 2013). GLUT1 (SLC2A1), one of the most well-studied members of the SLC2 family, exhibits a wide tissue distribution; cell surface expressio

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2022-03-31

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Acknowledgments Introduction As we move into an aging society, there has been a growing interest in neurological disorders [1]. Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cause cognitive malfunction

• Liraglutide Considerable evidence links sustained GCG admini

  2022-03-30

  

  Considerable evidence links sustained GCG administration to the reduction of food intake, enhancement of energy expenditure and weight loss in rodent and human studies [16], [17], [18]. Moreover, patients presenting with GCG-producing tumors frequently manifest severe weight loss, through mechanisms

• Extending time action is another

  2022-03-30

  

  Extending time action is another strategy to increase in vivo efficacy. Twice daily administration of the unacylated analogs herein caused greater body weight loss in DIO mice than the equivalent dose administered as a single daily injection, suggesting that protracted time action should yield more

• Introduction The Hedgehog Hh signaling

  2022-03-30

  

  Introduction The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway regulates embryonic organogenesis, tissue patterning, and cell differentiation (Armas-Lopez et al., 2017, Ingham and McMahon, 2013). Aberrant activation of Hh signaling pathway contributes to tumor formation and development of various cancers includi

• Liver is the house for a variety of xenobiotic

  2022-03-30

  

  Liver is the house for a variety of xenobiotic-metabolizing Angiotensin 1/2 (1-5) receptor that produce reactive oxygen species as well as reactive metabolites (Johansson et al., 2009; Noh et al., 2017; Puntarulo and Cederbaum, 1998). When the enzymes act upon pre- or pro-haptens, the chemicals woul

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2022-03-30

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion FFAR4 is a G-protein coupled free fatty Miltefosine receptor that has been reported to be expressed in osteoclasts and osteoblasts [18]. In this study the role of FFAR4 on the effects of different classes of UFAs, the ω−6 PUFA, AA, the ω−3 PUFAs, DH

• The central event eliciting insulin

  2022-03-30

  

  The central event eliciting insulin secretion is the production of ATP which leads to the inhibition of ATP-sensitive inwardly-rectifying K+ATP channels, a consecutive depolarization of the plasma membrane with opening of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ influx into the beta-cell. However, i

• Mammals and birds are sensitive either to hypo or

  2022-03-30

  

  Mammals and birds are sensitive either to hypo or hyper glycemia. In contrary some frogs when freezing/thawing experience very high glycemia (Storey and Storey, 1986). Nevertheless when the effect of temperature on Fru-2,6P2 concentration was investigated, the constant glucose level in frogs kept at

• We used a culture model of

  2022-03-30

  

  We used a culture model of human erythropoiesis that recapitulates all developmental stages [24] to screen a focused set of lncRNAs for potential contribution to this program. We found induction of lncRNA Fas-antisense 1 (Fas-AS1 or Saf) during RBC maturation and demonstrate that essential erythroid

• br Materials and methods All studies

  2022-03-30

  

  Materials and methods All studies were performed in 230–250g timed-pregnant Sprague Dawley rats (Harlan, Indianapolis, Indiana). Animals were housed in a temperature controlled room with a 12:12 light:dark cycle. All experimental procedures in this study were in accordance with the National Insti

• smad pathway In addition to the regulation afforded by calci

  2022-03-30

  

  In addition to the regulation afforded by calcineurin/NFAT axis, it has been shown that deregulation of some microRNAs (e.g. miR-155) can induce activation of Fas/FasL-in various cell types [72]. Furthermore, Fas–FasL interactions appear to be an important mechanism for the maintenance of immune pri

• The effect of combined A and PD treatment on the

  2022-03-30

  

  The effect of combined A-192621 and PD 155080 treatment on the ubiquitin activating enzyme during endotoxin infusion is quite different compared to either drug used alone (Wanecek et al., 1999). After administration of both antagonists in combination, cardiac index increased to baseline values with

• Accumulating evidence suggests that the NGF

  2022-03-30

  

  Accumulating evidence suggests that the NGF family of neurotrophins have important modulatory roles in opioid analgesia and addiction [36]. The NGF family of neurotrophins include NGF, AGK 2 derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT3), and neurotrophin-4 (NT4) [37]. BDNF knockout mice

• In a preliminary communication we showed that AT and

  2022-03-30

  

  In a preliminary communication, we showed that AT and ETB receptors colocalize and coimmunoprecipitate in renal proximal tubule cells, and stimulation of the AT receptor increases ETB receptor expression in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats [abstract; Zeng C,, 26:80A, 2003]. We hypothesize that the ETB recept

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