• One of the therapeutic proteins used in cancer therapy

  2021-01-13

  

  One of the therapeutic proteins used in cancer therapy is glucarpidase, also known as Carboxypeptidase G2, CPG2, which originates from the bacterium Variovorax paradoxus (old name, Pseudomonas sp. strain RS-16). It has no mammalian equivalent (Thompson et al., 1994; Kamlage, 1994) and is a zinc-depe

• As the COMT enzyme is primarily related to

  2021-01-13

  

  As the COMT enzyme is primarily related to prefrontal dopamine degradation (e.g., Yavich et al., 2007), the present study supports the notion that prefrontal dopamine modulates retention of fear extinction rather than within-session extinction (Abraham et al., 2014). Consistent with other studies we

• Therapeutic options targeting intrahepatic resistance

  2021-01-13

  

  Therapeutic options targeting intrahepatic resistance are very limited. Theoretically, the NO-cGMP pathway may be influenced at several sites. Yet, most strategies did not reach clinical practice or yielded disappointing results, such as activators of soluble guanylate cyclase [14], NO releasing der

• Several studies have already shown that

  2021-01-13

  

  Several studies have already shown that mPR activation can significantly reduce intracellular cAMP levels in different kind of cells, such as GT1-7 neuronal cells [32], MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells [55] and primary vascular endothelial cells [56]. The experiments performed with PTXa and 8-Br-cAMP

• br Stem cell based therapies In the

  2021-01-13

  

  Stem cell–based therapies In the previous years, excessive efforts have been conducted to induce the least aggression and more efficient sources of human cardiomyocytes for different application, particularly for myocardial regeneration. The pluripotent stem cell seems to be an appropriate candid

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We are grateful to Amaia

  2021-01-13

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We are grateful to Amaia Lujambio, James Fagin, and Ramon Parsons for providing cell lines and Evripidis Gavathiotis for critical reading of the manuscript. We would like to thank Saboor Hekmaty for providing expertise with RNA-seq analysis. P.I.P. would like to ac

• br Results and Discussion br Experimental Procedures br

  2021-01-12

  

  Results and Discussion Experimental Procedures Acknowledgments The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) is important for biological processes such as protein degradation and protein function regulation. In general, poly-ubiquitinated proteins are degraded by proteasomes, and some proteins ac

• CellProfiler and OpenComet are two open source software

  2021-01-12

  

  CellProfiler and OpenComet are two open source software available in internet to analyse silver stained comet assay images. With CellProfiler [19], Gonzalez et al. [18] modified the pipeline provided in the website by adding a background subtraction module and two filtering modules to quantify DNA d

• Altogether these data suggested that GlmU might be

  2021-01-12

  

  Altogether these data suggested that GlmU might be involved in the M. smegmatis biofilm mediated defence mechanisms. GlmU belongs to a metabolic pathway leading to UDP-GlcNAc from fructose-1-phosphate involved in the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide (Fig. 8). Recently, we demonst

• Collagen alignment can contribute to

  2021-01-12

  

  Collagen alignment can contribute to tissue stiffening (Malik et al., 2015, Paszek et al., 2005), and ECM stiffness in turn is a powerful activator of integrin function (Levental et al., 2009). These findings highlight the contribution of the mechanical properties of the ECM to signal transduction.

• We have previously reported that CK is

  2021-01-12

  

  We have previously reported that CK2 is downregulated in senescent human lung fibroblast IMR-90 cells, aged rat tissues, and aging nematodes [17,18]. CK2 downregulation induces cellular senescence via the PI3K-AKT-mTOR-reactive oxygen species-p53-p21Cip1/WAF1 pathway in human cells [[19], [20], [21]

• Information on the mechanism by which parasite

  2021-01-11

  

  Information on the mechanism by which parasite infections promote ECM degradation is limited (McKerrow et al., 1983; Andrade, 1994; Lu and Lai, 2013; Thibeaux et al., 2014). The interaction of plasminogen-plasmin with proteins of microorganisms, including bacteria, has been suggested to play a key r

• A growing number of other post translational

  2021-01-11

  

  A growing number of other post-translational modifications are implicated in regulation of the ubiquitin system, including substrate modification by hydroxylation, glycosylation, acetylation, methylation, modification by poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), and attachment of ubiquitin-like modifiers. The HIF1-α

• In contrast DAG phosphorylation to PA by

  2021-01-11

  

  In contrast, DAG phosphorylation to PA by diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) represents a quantitatively minor metabolic pathway, but is generally regarded as a main disposal pathway for “signaling” DAG. PA produced by DGKs is an intermediate of the synthesis of CDP-DAG, cardiolipin and PI. However, PA i

• Cot MAP K is the sole

  2021-01-11

  

  Cot (MAP3K8) is the sole MAP3K that activates the MEK1/2-Erk1/2 following the activation of the TLR/IL-1 receptor superfamily as well as some receptors of the TNF receptor family [8], [9], [10] and mediates the production of chemokines and cytokines in different cell systems [reviewed in [11]]. Thus

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