• Introduction Activation of epidermal growth factor receptor

  2020-11-20

  

  Introduction Activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) is a key factor in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EGFR-RTKs cause proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis, as well as suppress apoptosis, in lung adenocarcinoma

• br Results br Discussion The ubiquitin

  2020-11-20

  

  Results Discussion The ubiquitin system has in recent years become an exciting area for drug discovery (Cohen and Tcherpakov, 2010), as multiple enzymatic steps within the ubiquitylation process are druggable. The potential of targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway was first demonstrated i

• Although our knowledge of the biochemical

  2020-11-20

  

  Although our knowledge of the biochemical and biological functions of E3 ubiquitin ligases has increased in B-cell malignancies, a deeper characterization of cell-context dependent substrate regulation and biological relevance is needed. The recent approval of a general proteasome inhibitor, VELCADE

• br STAR Methods br Author

  2020-11-20

  

  STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments The authors thank Monika Kuhn for excellent technical assistance and Dr. Antje Schäfer for valuable scientific input. H.S. was supported by the DFG (FZ 82; Graduate School of Life Sciences and SCHI 425-6/1), and A.V.S. by Northwestern Univer

• Most enzymes involved in the addition and removal

  2020-11-20

  

  Most 8351 sale involved in the addition and removal of ubiquitin bind weakly to an overlapping surface on ubiquitin. Previously, Sidhu and colleagues diversified this surface and then used phage display to screen these libraries of ubiquitin variants (UbVs) for binding to DUBs and E3 ligases (Ernst

• br Funding This work was supported by

  2020-11-20

  

  Funding This work was supported by the grants from MSD, Terumo Life Science Foundation, Takeda Science Foundation, and Japan Diabetes Foundation. Disclosures Acknowledgments The authors thank C. Morimoto (Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan) and K. Takeda (Immunology Frontier Research Center

• GLP also showed cardioprotective effects

  2020-11-20

  

  GLP-1 also showed cardioprotective effects (i.e., infarct size reduction and ejection fraction improvement) in experimental models of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing caspase-3 activation and preventing apoptosis of cardiomyocytes [[50], [51]]. Of note, such a cardioprotection w

• Previous studies have indicated that hSSB

  2020-11-20

  

  Previous studies have indicated that hSSB1 may be phosphorylated at threonine residue 117 (T117) [13] and acetylated at lysine residue 94 (K94) [15], both of which promote hSSB1 function in response to ionising radiation exposure. Mass spectrometry screens of proteins immunoprecipitated with phospho

• BTL105 Hedamycin isolated from Streptomyces griseoruber belo

  2020-11-20

  

  Hedamycin, isolated from Streptomyces griseoruber, belongs to the highly cytotoxic pluramycin class of BTL105 (Figure 3(c)). It consists of a planar anthrapyrantrione chromophore attached to two amino sugar rings at one end and a bisepoxide-containing side-chain at the other end (Figure 3(c)). Hedam

• br Compliance with ethical standards This work

  2020-11-20

  

  Compliance with ethical standards This work was conducted in compliance with ethical standards. Conflict of interest Funding The work was funded by extra mural research grant (EMR/2016/005135) from Science and Engineering Research Board, Government of India. Acknowledgements Introduc

• Significantly less is known about

  2020-11-19

  

  Significantly less is known about regulation of phytocystatin gene expression. A genomic clone corresponding to the barley cystatin Icy gene has been characterized (Gaddour et al., 2001) and the function of its promoter region has been analysed by Martínez et al. (2005b). Bioinformatic analysis of t

• br Acknowledgement br Introduction Recent

  2020-11-19

  

  Acknowledgement Introduction Recent developments in cancer immunotherapies have demonstrated durable responses, suggesting that effective immunotherapy would hold promise to improve patient outcome (Gunturu et al., 2013; Hodi et al., 2003; Lutz et al., 2011; Ribas et al., 2009). However, attem

• Signal transduction through IL c FMS ligand receptor also

  2020-11-19

  

  Signal transduction through IL-34/ c-FMS ligand receptor also leads to the differentiation, survival and, angiogenesis, proliferation, adhesion and migration of cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage similar to that of CSF-1 through the various pathways-First is through FAK (Focal Adhesion Kinase)

• In this study we observed alterations in mRNA levels

  2020-11-19

  

  In this study, we observed alterations in mRNA levels of CRF receptors in the PFCx and Hip during the development of sensitization. In particular, in the Hip both CRF receptors showed significantly increased notch signaling when the sensitization condition was established. Similarly, CRF2 receptor

• Yet the standards fall back on the development process with

  2020-11-19

  

  Yet, the standards fall back on the development process with justification. As shown by Littlewood and Strigini (1993), the extent to which the reliability of software (both OTS and bespoke) can be proved by testing is severely limited––not because appropriate tests cannot be devised, but because ad

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